{"id":4060,"date":"2026-09-23T17:54:18","date_gmt":"2026-09-23T09:54:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/?p=4060"},"modified":"2026-10-09T14:16:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T06:16:53","slug":"pcb-manufacturing-tariffs-in-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/de\/pcb-manufacturing-tariffs-in-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"PCB Manufacturing Tariffs in 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4060\" class=\"elementor elementor-4060\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2197b92e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2197b92e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63d9be44 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"63d9be44\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23e7bd4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"23e7bd4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p id=\"breadcrumbs\"><span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/\">HOME<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24a9843c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"24a9843c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d8692ff e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3d8692ff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1558e31d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1558e31d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-750f0992 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"750f0992\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PCB Manufacturing Tariffs in 2026: The Real Duty Stack for China-Origin Boards<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f148d1d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2f148d1d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1572d357 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1572d357\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-573558fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"573558fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-c9d822a elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJKRGLO R&amp;D Engineer\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-2bae3db elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>09\/23\/2026<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-5a82ee1 elementor-inline-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-far-clock\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm0 448c-110.5 0-200-89.5-200-200S145.5 56 256 56s200 89.5 200 200-89.5 200-200 200zm61.8-104.4l-84.9-61.7c-3.1-2.3-4.9-5.9-4.9-9.7V116c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h32c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v141.7l66.8 48.6c5.4 3.9 6.5 11.4 2.6 16.8L334.6 349c-3.9 5.3-11.4 6.5-16.8 2.6z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-time\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>5:54 p.m.<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e44a8ae e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2e44a8ae\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26267fc8 elementor-shape-rounded elementor-grid-0 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256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-x-twitter elementor-repeater-item-5ed3d93\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">X-twitter<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-x-twitter\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-youtube elementor-repeater-item-02bc2ba\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Youtube<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-youtube\" viewBox=\"0 0 576 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M549.655 124.083c-6.281-23.65-24.787-42.276-48.284-48.597C458.781 64 288 64 288 64S117.22 64 74.629 75.486c-23.497 6.322-42.003 24.947-48.284 48.597-11.412 42.867-11.412 132.305-11.412 132.305s0 89.438 11.412 132.305c6.281 23.65 24.787 41.5 48.284 47.821C117.22 448 288 448 288 448s170.78 0 213.371-11.486c23.497-6.321 42.003-24.171 48.284-47.821 11.412-42.867 11.412-132.305 11.412-132.305s0-89.438-11.412-132.305zm-317.51 213.508V175.185l142.739 81.205-142.739 81.201z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1c604a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d1c604a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f701608 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f701608\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6542af0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6542af0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fc5377 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2fc5377\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Opening Introduction<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3a3556 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b3a3556\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-975c1f3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"975c1f3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20d685a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20d685a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background: #f0fdf4; border: 1px solid #bbf7d0; border-radius: 10px; padding: 18px 22px; margin: 24px 0;\">\n<h3 style=\"margin-top: 0; color: #166534; font-size: 17px;\">Quick answer<\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0;\"><span style=\"background: #fdf4ff; border-left: 4px solid #c026d3; padding: 1px 4px;\">As of September 2026, a China-origin printed circuit board pays 12.5% or 37.5% in US import duty, and the deciding factor is whether the board qualifies for the Section 301 exclusion for two-layer and four-layer rigid FR4 circuits.<\/span> Qualifying boards skip the 25% Section 301 product duty and pay only the 12.5% forced-labor tier introduced on July 24, 2026. Everything else \u2014 six layers and above, flex and rigid-flex, non-FR4 substrates, and most assembled boards \u2014 has paid 37.5% all year. The exclusion expires at 11:59 p.m. ET on November 9, 2026, which is the most consequential date on a PCB buyer&#8217;s calendar right now. The IEEPA tariffs that dominated 2025 were struck down by the Supreme Court on February 20, 2026, and roughly $165 billion in collected duties has been flowing back to importers since April.<\/p>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-179c446 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"179c446\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e52858 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1e52858\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a36637 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a36637\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tariff talk changed shape in 2026. Last year it was a headline number \u2014 145%, then 30%, then whatever the news said that week. This year it is a technical conversation about exclusion numbers, tariff classifications, and a single deadline in November. If you buy boards, that shift matters, because two shipments of the identical board can carry 25 percentage points of difference in duty depending on paperwork and layer count.<\/p>\n<p>We build and quote boards for US buyers every week, so we see how these rules land on real purchase orders. Below is the duty stack as it actually stands, checked against USTR, CBP, and court filings as of September 2026 \u2014 plus what we see from the factory floor.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc0b985 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fc0b985\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c16a8d2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c16a8d2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15b14d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15b14d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1. What a China-origin PCB pays right now<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-705a83f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"705a83f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79647e0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"79647e0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0690fce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0690fce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>There is no single answer to &#8220;what is the tariff on PCBs from China,&#8221; because duty is now a function of two variables: the layer count and construction of the board, and whether the specific exclusion covering it is still alive. Here is the whole picture for China-origin product, as of September 2026.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; margin: 20px 0; font-size: 15px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; text-align: left; background: #e2e8f0;\">Board type (China origin)<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; text-align: left; background: #e2e8f0;\">Section 301 product duty<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; text-align: left; background: #e2e8f0;\">Forced-labor tier (since July 24, 2026)<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; text-align: left; background: #e2e8f0;\">Effective duty<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">2-layer rigid FR4, exclusion claimed (HTS 8534.00.0040)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">0% (excluded)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">12.5%<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>12.5%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">4-layer rigid FR4, exclusion claimed (HTS 8534.00.0020)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">0% (excluded)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">12.5%<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>12.5%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">6+ layers, HDI, flex, rigid-flex, non-FR4 substrates<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">25%<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">12.5%<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>37.5%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Assembled boards (PCBA) \u2014 generally outside the board exclusion<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">25% (varies by classification)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">12.5%<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>~37.5%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">China-origin ICs and semiconductors (8541 \/ 8542)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">50%<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">12.5%<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>62.5%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Duty applies to the customs value of the goods, and the figures above exclude freight, the merchandise processing fee, and brokerage. Two things are worth noticing. First, a two-layer board and a six-layer board from the same factory, shipped the same week, can carry a 25-point difference in duty \u2014 not because of price or quality, but because of which tariff line and which exclusion they fall under. Second, the 12.5% tier is not a PCB measure at all. It applies to Chinese goods generally.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-504edfa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"504edfa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46bc4f1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46bc4f1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-946f589 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"946f589\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2. How the 2026 stack was rebuilt<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53f00bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"53f00bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ad9856 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7ad9856\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-851dad0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"851dad0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The rules changed more in the first seven months of 2026 than in the previous three years combined. Five events did most of the work.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a3dcb2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6a3dcb2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c806ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8c806ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-50-20-1024x683.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4072\" alt=\"2026 us pcb tariff timeline section 301\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-50-20-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-50-20-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-50-20-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-50-20.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d67e1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7d67e1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89bd8ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"89bd8ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2071b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2071b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:20px 0;font-size:15px;\">\n<tr><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Date<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">What happened<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">What it means for a PCB buyer<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>Feb 20, 2026<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">The Supreme Court ruled 6-3 that IEEPA does not authorize the President to impose tariffs, voiding the fentanyl and reciprocal duties<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">No IEEPA layer on your entries, and refunds became claimable<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>Feb 24-25, 2026<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">A 10% temporary surcharge under Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974 took effect globally, capped at 150 days<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">A flat 10% replaced the voided tariffs while a durable mechanism was written<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>Mar 4 to Apr 20, 2026<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">The Court of International Trade ordered refunds; CBP opened the CAPE portal and began paying them out<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">About $166 billion owed to roughly 330,000 importers; close to $100 billion refunded by August<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>Jun 24, 2026<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">De minimis was suspended for all origins, not just China<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Samples, spares, and small orders now need a customs entry and pay duty<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>Jul 24, 2026<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Section 122 expired at its statutory limit, and a two-tier Section 301 forced-labor tariff took effect the same day<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">China moved to the 12.5% tier; roughly 45 other economies sit at 10%<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>Nov 9, 2026, 11:59 p.m. ET<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">178 Section 301 exclusions expire, including the one covering two-layer and four-layer rigid boards<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">China 2-layer and 4-layer boards move from 12.5% to 37.5% unless USTR extends<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>Nov 27, 2026<\/strong><\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">China&#8217;s suspension of its gallium and germanium export controls toward the US runs out<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">A component availability risk rather than a duty change, but it hits the same programs<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>One pattern is worth internalizing: every time a tariff mechanism has been struck down or has expired, a replacement has appeared within hours, not months. Planning around a window of zero tariffs has not worked for two years running.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d242df8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d242df8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59d6b79 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"59d6b79\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c811643 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c811643\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3. The five layers that decide your duty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93eb753 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"93eb753\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88b3705 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"88b3705\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ccf969 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ccf969\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"background: #fdf4ff; border-left: 4px solid #c026d3; padding: 1px 4px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/pcb-fabrication\/\"><strong>PCB manufacturing<\/strong><\/a> tariffs are the import duties a buyer pays when a bare board or an assembled board crosses a national border, calculated on the customs value of the goods rather than on the total shown on the purchase order.<\/span> That value-driven logic is why freight and insurance do not appear in the duty line, and why the same board can cost two buyers different amounts depending on how it was declared.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a106fe6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a106fe6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08d875f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"08d875f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-55-41-1024x683.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4073\" alt=\"china pcb tariff stack 2026 duty layers\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-55-41-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-55-41-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-55-41-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-55-41.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3f655e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d3f655e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dcbaf6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4dcbaf6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e56720 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6e56720\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:20px 0;font-size:15px;\">\n<tr><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Layer<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Rate<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Who and what it applies to<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">MFN base duty<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Free for HTS 8534.00<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">All origins. A zero base rate does not mean a zero landed rate \u2014 every other layer still applies<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Section 301 product duty<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">25%<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">China and Hong Kong origin PCBs, unless a published exclusion covers the product<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Section 301 forced-labor tier<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">12.5% China, 10% ~45 other economies<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Effective July 24, 2026, replacing the Section 122 surcharge across roughly sixty economies<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Merchandise processing fee (MPF)<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">0.3464% of entered value, with a statutory minimum<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Formal entries. On small shipments the minimum dominates the percentage<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Harbor maintenance fee (HMF)<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">0.125%<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Ocean freight only, which is why air and sea quotes diverge slightly<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><span style=\"background:#fdf4ff;border-left:4px solid #c026d3;padding:1px 4px;\">A Section 301 exclusion is a product-specific exemption published in the Federal Register that removes a listed item from a Section 301 duty, usually for a fixed window and only for goods that match the published description exactly.<\/span> Exclusions are the reason the effective rate on some boards is a third of the rate on others.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bc979b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6bc979b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9eed2d1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9eed2d1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5570700 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5570700\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4. The 2-layer and 4-layer exclusion, and what happens on November 9<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11adab8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"11adab8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e09fbed e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e09fbed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47c4a4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"47c4a4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The exclusion that keeps most simple boards affordable is filed under HTS 9903.88.69. It does not cover &#8220;printed circuit boards&#8221; in general \u2014 it covers a narrow description, and boards that miss any part of that description have been paying the full 37.5% all year without their buyers necessarily realizing it.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; margin: 20px 0; font-size: 15px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; text-align: left; background: #e2e8f0;\">Qualifies today<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; text-align: left; background: #e2e8f0;\">Does not qualify<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Rigid boards only<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Flex, rigid-flex, and any flexible construction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Two layers of copper on a glass-reinforced substrate (standard FR-4), or four layers on the same substrate<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Six or more layers, HDI, and any count above four<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Bare, unpopulated boards<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Assembled boards with components mounted<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Glass-reinforced base material<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Metal-core, aluminum, ceramic, and other specialty substrates<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"background: #fdf4ff; border-left: 4px solid #c026d3; padding: 1px 4px;\">HTS 8534.00 is the US tariff heading for bare printed circuits \u2014 boards with no components mounted \u2014 and the heading itself carries no base duty; what a buyer actually pays comes from the trade-remedy layers applied on top of it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The exclusion expires at 11:59 p.m. Eastern on November 9, 2026. Unless USTR extends it, the first entries filed on November 10 pay the full rate. On a 1,000-piece order of four-layer boards at $3.00 FOB, that is the difference between $375 and $1,125 in duty.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f93a1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0f93a1a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1842746 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1842746\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d372124 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d372124\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:20px 0;font-size:15px;\">\n<tr><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">&nbsp;<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Now (exclusion in force)<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">From November 10, 2026<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Effective duty rate<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">12.5%<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">37.5%<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Duty on a $3,000 shipment<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$375<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$1,125<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Cost per board before freight<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$3.38<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$4.13<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Change<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">\u2014<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>+22% per board<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f0e983 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f0e983\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-819c3a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"819c3a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-59-59-1024x683.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4074\" alt=\"section 301 pcb exclusion eligibility 2 layer 4 layer\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-59-59-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-59-59-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-59-59-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T09-59-59.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cb143f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6cb143f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3683762 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3683762\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be4f8b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"be4f8b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">5. HTS classification: the lever most buyers never check<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85900ea e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"85900ea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae3e93 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3ae3e93\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09c2158 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09c2158\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Classification decides which layers apply. It is also the one variable where a buyer can create real savings \u2014 or real liability \u2014 without changing suppliers.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; margin: 20px 0; font-size: 15px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; text-align: left; background: #e2e8f0;\">Heading<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; text-align: left; background: #e2e8f0;\">What it covers<\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; text-align: left; background: #e2e8f0;\">Practical note<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">8534.00<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Bare printed circuits \u2014 rigid, flex, rigid-flex, unpopulated<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">MFN free; the 25% and 12.5% layers are what you actually pay<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">8473.30<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Assemblies that are parts of computers and data processing machines<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Narrower than most importers assume, and it does not cover boards that do a different job<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">8517.62 and 8517.79<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Assemblies for communication apparatus<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Carved out of the 2026 forced-labor action by its annex, which catches people by surprise in both directions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">8537.10<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Boards fitted with switching or control apparatus, under 1,000 V<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Common for industrial controllers and machine panels<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">8542.31 and 8542.39<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">Integrated circuits, including some modules that function as ICs<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; padding: 9px 13px; vertical-align: top;\">China-origin parts here carry the 50% semiconductor rate<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"background: #fdf4ff; border-left: 4px solid #c026d3; padding: 1px 4px;\">USMCA rules of origin determine whether goods assembled in Mexico or Canada enter the United States duty-free, and they rest on where the qualifying manufacturing processes happen rather than simply where the last assembly step took place.<\/span> Classification and origin are the two places where documentation, not negotiation, sets your rate.<\/p>\n<p>Two habits pay for themselves. First, classify by function and write the reasoning down before the first shipment, so the answer does not change with whoever is filling out the paperwork that month. Second, if the value is meaningful or the heading is arguable, request a binding ruling through CBP&#8217;s eRulings system. It is free, it takes about a month, and it converts a judgment call into a document you can hand an auditor years later. Reclassification after the fact does not just cost the duty \u2014 it can cost interest and penalties, and it applies retroactively to every entry you filed the same way.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17ba5b1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"17ba5b1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1597d86 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1597d86\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87e5704 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"87e5704\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">6. Landed cost: four scenarios on the same order<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f75f95 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0f75f95\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3355723 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3355723\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a92ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0a92ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"background: #fdf4ff; border-left: 4px solid #c026d3; padding: 1px 4px;\">Landed cost is the total a buyer pays to get goods into a warehouse \u2014 unit price plus freight, insurance, duty, customs fees, and inland delivery \u2014 and it is the only number worth comparing between suppliers in different countries.<\/span> Here is an illustrative 1,000-piece, four-layer order across four sourcing routes. Freight, MPF, and brokerage are excluded so the duty effect is visible on its own.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97d1df6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"97d1df6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6479023 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6479023\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T10-02-59-1024x683.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4075\" alt=\"pcb landed cost comparison china taiwan mexico 2026\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T10-02-59-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T10-02-59-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T10-02-59-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Clean_corporate_infographic__w_2026-09-23T10-02-59.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de9104e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de9104e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99c11fc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"99c11fc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5095bf5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5095bf5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:20px 0;font-size:15px;\">\n<tr><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Source<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Unit FOB<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Duty rate<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Duty per board<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;text-align:left;background:#e2e8f0;\">Cost per board<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">China, exclusion claimed, before November 9<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$3.00<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">12.5%<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$0.38<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>$3.38<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">China, after November 9 if the exclusion lapses<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$3.00<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">37.5%<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$1.13<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>$4.13<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Malaysia<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$4.20<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">10%<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$0.42<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>$4.62<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Taiwan<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$4.50<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">10%<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$0.45<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>$4.95<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">Mexico, USMCA-qualifying<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$5.50<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">0%<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\">$0.00<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #cbd5e1;padding:9px 13px;vertical-align:top;\"><strong>$5.50<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table>\n\n<p>Read the first two rows together and the November deadline stops being an abstraction. The China board stays the cheapest option on this order either way, but the cushion against Malaysia shrinks from $1.24 per board to $0.49. For a program with thin margins, that is the difference between a comfortable decision and a hard conversation.<\/p>\n\n<p>Now run the same math on a six-layer board, where China pays 37.5% no matter what. A $6.00 board lands at $8.25. The same board quoted at $6.80 from Taiwan lands at $7.48 \u2014 cheaper, even though the unit price is higher. That is the case where duty genuinely changes a sourcing decision, and it is the case that gets missed when buyers compare quotes on unit price alone.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d67ea87 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d67ea87\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42b0ce2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"42b0ce2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1ef702 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b1ef702\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">7. Samples and prototypes after the de minimis change<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c7d9f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4c7d9f7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64dbac6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"64dbac6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52eaafa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"52eaafa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"background: #fdf4ff; border-left: 4px solid #c026d3; padding: 1px 4px;\">De minimis was the rule that let commercial shipments valued at $800 or less enter the United States without duty; it has been suspended for all origins since June 24, 2026, so every commercial shipment now needs a customs entry.<\/span> China-origin goods lost the exemption earlier, which is why some teams already adjusted and others are about to.<\/p>\n<p>The change hits engineering budgets harder than it hits production, because fixed costs do not scale down. A $200 sample box now needs a classified entry, the MPF minimum, and either a broker or in-house filing capability. Add a broker fee in the usual $35 to $75 range and the effective rate on that sample can exceed the duty rate on a full container.<\/p>\n<p>Three things make it manageable. Consolidate: a single shipment covering multiple suppliers costs one entry instead of five. Document: prototype goods with no commercial value may qualify for duty-free entry under 19 CFR 10.151, but only with proper documentation, and labeling a commercial order as a sample is how importers earn penalties. And ask your supplier for paperwork in advance \u2014 invoices that state the HTS code, the value, and the origin correctly save a week of back and forth with a broker.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4dedbf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a4dedbf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a03a346 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a03a346\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01ec336 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"01ec336\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">8. Seven mitigation moves that hold up under audit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26fc1d7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26fc1d7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c723d31 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c723d31\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-629f145 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"629f145\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>None of these require an aggressive position on the rules, which is the point. Strategies that depend on a creative reading of a Federal Register notice tend to survive until the first audit.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Classify by function and document it.<\/strong> Write the HTS code, the reasoning, and the date into the part file before the first shipment. When a new buyer or broker takes over the account, the answer stays the same.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Verify every exclusion against the published description.<\/strong> Layer count, rigidity, base material, and whether components are mounted all matter. A supplier saying &#8220;our boards are covered&#8221; is not verification.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Do the pre-November stockpiling math.<\/strong> If you build in volume on two-layer and four-layer FR4, compare the cost of carrying inventory for a few months against a 25-point duty increase. Inventory carrying cost is usually the cheaper side of that trade \u2014 but only for volumes you are confident about.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consolidate shipments.<\/strong> Fixed entry costs do not care about shipment size. Five small shipments cost roughly five times what one consolidated shipment costs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Use duty drawback if you re-export.<\/strong> If goods you import are later exported, or destroyed under supervision, drawback can recover the large majority of the duty paid. It is the single most underused mechanism among mid-size importers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consider a Foreign Trade Zone for inverted-tariff situations.<\/strong> When the finished product carries a lower duty rate than its imported inputs, an FTZ lets you pay the finished rate instead of the component rate. It is real, legal, and requires setup work.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Treat USMCA qualification as a manufacturing question, not a shipping question.<\/strong> Origin rules follow the product-specific rule for the classification, and recent rulings have focused on where the substantive processes happen. A final assembly step does not automatically create origin, and Mexico&#8217;s own 2026 tariff reform raised costs on non-FTA inputs, so the arithmetic needs to be run rather than assumed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>One thing to skip: relabeling a product to land in a better tariff line without changing the product. That is not tariff engineering, and the penalty exposure runs well past the duty saved.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22f063e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"22f063e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1587b4b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1587b4b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e31bcd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e31bcd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">9. What we see from the factory floor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a61186a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a61186a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb68ed e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1fb68ed\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a07030 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a07030\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tariff analysis is usually written from the buyer&#8217;s side of the ocean. Since we sit on the manufacturing side, here is what has actually changed in the orders coming across our desks \u2014 the practical version of everything above.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Buyers ask for tariff documentation upfront.<\/strong> HTS codes on invoices, layer counts confirmed in writing, and explicit statements about base material have gone from occasional to routine. Teams that got burned by a reclassification are asking before the order instead of after.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Layer count is now a supply chain decision.<\/strong> Where a design could reasonably be built on four layers or six, the tariff difference sometimes decides it. That conversation did not exist two years ago.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Orders concentrated before the deadline.<\/strong> Programs that know they depend on the 2-layer and 4-layer exclusion are moving volume earlier rather than betting on an extension.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sourcing split by board type rather than by supplier loyalty.<\/strong> Complex multilayer and flex work still comes to China in large numbers because the process depth is here, while simple high-volume boards are the volume most likely to be diverted.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Quoting got longer.<\/strong> A useful quote now includes the classification assumption, the exclusion position, and the date the rate was checked. A quote that only shows a unit price is not answering the question buyers are asking in 2026.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-845a00d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"845a00d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e92e542 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e92e542\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15bb981 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15bb981\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">FAQ<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12b4303 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"12b4303\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6327df e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a6327df\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b91fe07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b91fe07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-weight:700;color:#0f172a;margin:22px 0 6px;\">What is the tariff rate on PCBs from China in 2026?<\/p>\n<p>It depends on the board. Two-layer and four-layer rigid FR4 bare boards that qualify under Section 301 exclusion 9903.88.69 pay 12.5%, the forced-labor tier that took effect on July 24, 2026. Boards with six or more layers, flex and rigid-flex circuits, non-FR4 substrates, and most assembled boards pay 37.5% \u2014 25% Section 301 plus the 12.5% tier.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"font-weight:700;color:#0f172a;margin:22px 0 6px;\">What happens on November 9, 2026?<\/p>\n<p>178 Section 301 exclusions expire at 11:59 p.m. Eastern, including the exclusion covering two-layer and four-layer rigid boards. Unless USTR extends them, entries filed from November 10 pay 37.5% instead of 12.5% on those boards.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"font-weight:700;color:#0f172a;margin:22px 0 6px;\">Do bare PCBs and assembled PCBAs pay the same duty?<\/p>\n<p>No. The 2-layer and 4-layer exclusion applies to bare, unpopulated boards with a glass-reinforced base. Once components are mounted, the assembly normally falls under a different classification and does not benefit from the board exclusion, so PCBAs generally sit at the full 37.5% for China-origin product unless another exemption applies.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"font-weight:700;color:#0f172a;margin:22px 0 6px;\">Can I still import a prototype duty-free under the $800 rule?<\/p>\n<p>Not as a commercial shipment. De minimis has been suspended for all origins since June 24, 2026, so even a small sample order needs a customs entry, an HTS classification, and payment of applicable duty and fees. Goods with no commercial value may qualify for duty-free entry under 19 CFR 10.151, but that requires documentation and cannot be used for orders destined for resale.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"font-weight:700;color:#0f172a;margin:22px 0 6px;\">Is it cheaper to assemble boards in Mexico to avoid the tariffs?<\/p>\n<p>Only if the finished goods actually qualify under USMCA rules of origin. Qualification follows the product-specific rule for the classification, and it looks at where the substantive manufacturing processes happen rather than the last assembly step. Mexico also raised duties on many non-FTA inputs in its 2026 reform, so a Mexico route has to be costed with real rules-of-origin work rather than assumed at zero duty.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"font-weight:700;color:#0f172a;margin:22px 0 6px;\">Should we still source PCBs from China in 2026?<\/p>\n<p>For complex multilayer, HDI, and flex work, usually yes \u2014 the process depth and turnaround are difficult to match, and duty is only one line in the landed cost. For simple two-layer and four-layer FR4, run the arithmetic per part number: China remains competitive on price before November 9, and the margin narrows afterward. The honest answer is that the right decision differs by board type, which is why per-part-number comparisons beat per-supplier comparisons.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c770678 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c770678\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4a221f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a4a221f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d744daf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d744daf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<hr style=\"border: none; border-top: 1px solid #e2e8f0; margin: 36px 0;\" \/>\n<p><strong>The practical takeaway:<\/strong> know your board&#8217;s classification, know which exclusion it sits under, and put a date on the rate you were quoted. Buyers who do those three things are the ones who are not surprised on November 10. If you need a quote that states the classification assumption, the exclusion position, and the date the rate was verified,<strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/contact-us\/\">our engineering team<\/a><\/strong> will put it in writing with the quotation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 13.5px; color: #64748b;\">Rates and deadlines in this article were verified against USTR, CBP, and USITC sources as of September 2026 and can change with subsequent trade actions. This is general information, not customs or legal advice \u2014 confirm the rate for your specific HTS code with a licensed customs broker or CBP before you commit to an order.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a446a0b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a446a0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b63dd91 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b63dd91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f592480 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f592480\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">About US<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5dd9e1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b5dd9e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d2aab8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d2aab8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72a5de8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72a5de8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AX0efyGQXdVFtFcRvpnc2pLmnoB\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-BT5kfhWgHdywXVcMVz8cJIr1nGg\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JXNMf5m9YdhPnjcHWBAcgeVpnjh\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OgeMfov1VdTuRUc4j6dcRUSQneK\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-R486f5CMedBo2ccaZjmcgnYhnmd\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-D4BBf2GkVdFkOGc0IepczSGdnPh\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XCa0fHu0hdDCRHcHLbscFioInkf\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YjdxflKVKdtelZcDWYEcazNDnbc\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-MoKEfKI4EdzEuPcCo3JcUGJMnac\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HKXTfaw8Sd5zbxcNUYIc3xO7ndd\">Founded in 2012, <a href=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/about-us\/\"><strong>JKRGLO<\/strong><\/a> strives to build a one-stop platform for the electronic industry chain. By integrating PCB manufacturing, component procurement and PCB assembly services, we enable digital PCBA processing. With increasing investment in innovation and digital systems, we have achieved rapid growth and emerged as a leading PCB and PCBA manufacturer in the industry, capable of rapidly producing high-reliability and cost-effective products.<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HKXTfaw8Sd5zbxcNUYIc3xO7ndd\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/about-us\/\"><strong>About US<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a93e228 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a93e228\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1914e57 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1914e57\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36ac484 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36ac484\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-AX0efyGQXdVFtFcRvpnc2pLmnoB\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-BT5kfhWgHdywXVcMVz8cJIr1nGg\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-JXNMf5m9YdhPnjcHWBAcgeVpnjh\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-OgeMfov1VdTuRUc4j6dcRUSQneK\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-R486f5CMedBo2ccaZjmcgnYhnmd\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-D4BBf2GkVdFkOGc0IepczSGdnPh\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-XCa0fHu0hdDCRHcHLbscFioInkf\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-YjdxflKVKdtelZcDWYEcazNDnbc\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-MoKEfKI4EdzEuPcCo3JcUGJMnac\">\n<div data-page-id=\"On0jfNld3d6I7ecMLyzcfgHXnYb\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"false\">\n<div class=\"ace-line ace-line old-record-id-HKXTfaw8Sd5zbxcNUYIc3xO7ndd\">\n<h3><strong>You may also be interested in&#8230;<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-992e804 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"992e804\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b1949f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6b1949f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc9e307 elementor-widget 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Manufacturing<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e7ba75 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7e7ba75\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33a0b64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33a0b64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/best-pcb-manufacturers-in-2026\/\">&gt;Best PCB Manufacturers in 2026: The Top 10 Fabricators Worth Shortlisting<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06f266a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"06f266a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdea6d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cdea6d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/ai-server-pcb-specifications\/\">&gt;How AI Servers are Redefining High-Speed PCB Design in 2026<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccb631a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ccb631a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-974c81f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"974c81f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a89fd1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a89fd1e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\u672a\u6807\u9898-9.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3757\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\u672a\u6807\u9898-9.jpg 400w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\u672a\u6807\u9898-9-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/\u672a\u6807\u9898-9-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba143a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ba143a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-122b40c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"122b40c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7523c7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7523c7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">About the Author<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-615827b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"615827b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af5d9f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af5d9f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Andrew Zhan &#8211;\u00a0 R&amp;D Engineer at JKRGLO.com<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3eb8489 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3eb8489\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c2e1c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c2e1c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>With over 14 years of R&amp;D engineering experience in the PCB industry, Andrew Zhan brings deep expertise in circuit design optimization and DFM implementation. He focuses on translating complex design requirements into production-ready solutions, driving technical innovation for both prototype and mass production.<br \/>Working closely with cross-functional teams and clients, he ensures rigorous quality validation and seamless technical communication across the full project lifecycle. Andrew is committed to delivering reliable, high-performance PCB solutions that consistently exceed customer expectations.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47e9ae48 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"47e9ae48\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:93,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;laptop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40c24d4b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"40c24d4b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23b92067 elementor-toc--content-ellipsis elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"23b92067\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;\\u5728\\u6b64\\u9875\\u9762\\u4e0a\\u627e\\u4e0d\\u5230\\u6807\\u9898\\u3002&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;collapse_subitems&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:205,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__23b92067\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__23b92067\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__23b92067\" class=\"elementor-toc__body elementor-toc__list-items--collapsible\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba15a39 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ba15a39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6e8355 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"d6e8355\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62c619c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"62c619c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a2fbe1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1a2fbe1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d237b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d237b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Still, need help? Contact Us:\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f4509c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f4509c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><a style=\"color: #800000; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"mailto:wm-sale03@jkr.net.cn\">wm-sale03@jkr.net.cn<\/a><br \/><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8418855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8418855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d749c5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d749c5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Need a PCB or PCBA quote?\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f68e762 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f68e762\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/jkrglo.com\/contact-us\/\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Quote now<\/span><br \/><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d825878 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d825878\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c516e3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c516e3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13e713b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13e713b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16fd48e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16fd48e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Tag:<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8078688 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8078688\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f34dcff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f34dcff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"_inAfterOutline_false_w9nx7-ko_ ___SBox_w9nx7-ko_ ___SText_1xzws-ko_\" data-ui-name=\"Link.Text\">best pcb manufacturers<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cf2048 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6cf2048\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a57c959 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a57c959\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\">PCBA<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cf9ab7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8cf9ab7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a29b3c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a29b3c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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